Interpretation of the New National Standard GB/T 14599-2025 for High-Purity Oxygen: Technical Specifications, Test Methods, and Key Points for Corporate Implementation

To be promulgated in 2025 and implemented in 2026. GB/T 14599—2025 “Pure Oxygen, High-Purity Oxygen, and Ultra-Pure Oxygen” , is an important new edition of the national standard for quality control of pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen products in China. This standard supersedes   GB/T 14599—2008 “Pure Oxygen, High-Purity Oxygen, and Ultra-Pure Oxygen” , the document has been updated to include provisions on technical requirements, sampling, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation, storage, and safety information.

For high-purity oxygen producers, gas companies, users of electronic-grade specialty gases, third-party testing organizations, research laboratories, and the high-end manufacturing sector, The implementation of GB/T 14599-2025 entails that the methods for evaluating high-purity oxygen quality, the parameters for impurity control, the testing procedures, and the criteria for determining product conformity must all be reviewed and updated accordingly.

Liaoning Kerui Chromatography Technology Co., Ltd. has long been focused on high-purity gas analysis, industrial gas monitoring, and the application of gas chromatography technology. This article will center on… New National Standard for High-Purity Oxygen GB/T14599-2025 A systematic interpretation is provided of the basic information, applicable industries, differences between the old and new standards, key indicator requirements, major changes, and the methodological basis corresponding to each testing item.

I. New National Standard for High-Purity Oxygen Basic Information on GB/T 14599-2025

According to the original text of the attached standard, The basic information for GB/T 14599—2025 is as follows:

Project	Content
Standard Number	GB/T 14599—2025
Standard Name	Pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen
English name	Pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen
Alternative standard	GB/T 14599—2008
Release Date	2025-08-29
Effective Date	2026-03-01
Issuing Authority	State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Management Committee
Submitting Unit	China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation
Designated managing unit	National Technical Committee for Gas Standardization SAC/TC206
Nature of the standard	Recommended National Standard
Applicable Products	Gaseous and liquid pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen

GB/T 14599—2025 specifies the technical requirements, sampling procedures, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage, as well as safety information for pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen.

The original standard clearly states: This document applies to… Gaseous and liquid pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen produced by air separation and by water electrolysis. 。

II. Which industries does GB/T 14599-2025 apply to?

GB/T 14599—2025 applies to gaseous, liquid, and high-purity oxygen as well as ultra‑pure oxygen produced by air separation and water electrolysis. Taking into account the actual application scenarios of high‑purity oxygen products, this standard primarily affects the following industries:

Industry /Scene	Key areas of focus for high-purity oxygen
High-purity gas manufacturing enterprise	Product grading, factory inspection, certificate of quality, batch determination
Electronics and semiconductor industry	In high-purity oxygen and ultrapure oxygen Control of trace impurities such as Ar, N2, CO2, total hydrocarbons, and moisture.
Photovoltaic and New Materials Industries	Oxygen purity, impurity stability, and process consistency
Medical devices and related gas supply sectors	Packaging, Transportation, Storage, Safety Information, and Quality Control
Research institutes and laboratories	Verification of the Quality of High-Purity Oxygen for Experimental Use
Third-party testing agency	Methods for the determination of high-purity oxygen, arbitration methods, and reporting criteria
Air separation and water electrolysis oxygen production enterprises	Process control during preparation, product grade determination, and the establishment of a quality‑testing system
Cryogenic Liquid Storage and Transportation Enterprise	Liquid oxygen storage and transportation, tank trucks, storage tanks, and safety management

It should be noted that, GB/T 14599—2025 is intended for Pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen . If it is ordinary industrial oxygen, further attention is required. GB/T 3863 “Industrial Oxygen” and other relevant standards.

III. Main differences between GB/T 14599-2025 and GB/T 14599-2008

According to the foreword of the attached standard, Compared with GB/T 14599—2008, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical revisions include:

Change Item	Main Changes in GB/T 14599—2025
Scope	The scope of application has been revised.
Technical Requirements	The technical requirements that pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen must meet have been revised.
Sampling	Sampling requirements have been added; sampling shall comply with… GB/T43306
Purity Calculation	The calculation methods for the purity of pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen have been revised.
Ar, N2, CO2 determination	The methods for determining the contents of argon, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide have been revised.
H2 determination	A method for determining hydrogen content has been added.
Total Hydrocarbon Determination	The method for determining total hydrocarbon content has been revised.
Moisture determination	The method for determining moisture content has been revised.
Exhaust gas treatment	Emission control requirements have been added.
Inspection Rules	The inspection rules have been revised.
Marking, Packaging, Transportation, and Storage	Relevant requirements have been revised.
Safety Information	Added safety information requirements.

From the perspective of changes, the new version of the standard places greater emphasis on:

1. Systematic control of trace impurities in high-purity oxygen;
2. Standardization of testing methods and criteria for arbitration;
3. Standardization of the sampling process;
4. Safety of the testing process;
5. Completeness of packaging, transportation, storage, and safety information.

IV. Key Technical Specification Requirements of GB/T 14599-2025

GB/T 14599—2025 classifies products into Pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen Three levels. The key technical requirements stipulated in the standard are as follows:

Project	Pure oxygen	High-purity oxygen	Ultra-pure oxygen
Oxygen O2 purity, mole fraction	≥99.995× 10⁻²	≥99.999× 10⁻²	≥99.9999× 10⁻²
Hydrogen H2 content, mole fraction	< 1× 10⁻⁶	< 0.5× 10⁻⁶	< 0.05× 10⁻⁶
Argon Argon content, mole fraction	< 10× 10⁻⁶	< 2× 10⁻⁶	< 0.2× 10⁻⁶
Nitrogen N2 content, mole fraction	< 20× 10⁻⁶	< 5× 10⁻⁶	< 0.1× 10⁻⁶
Carbon dioxide CO2 content, mole fraction	< 1× 10⁻⁶	< 0.5× 10⁻⁶	< 0.05× 10⁻⁶
Total hydrocarbons, expressed as methane, molar fraction	< 2× 10⁻⁶	< 0.5× 10⁻⁶	< 0.1× 10⁻⁶
Moisture H2O content, mole fraction	< 3× 10⁻⁶	< 2× 10⁻⁶	< 0.3× 10⁻⁶
Total impurity content, molar fraction	≤50× 10⁻⁶	≤10× 10⁻⁶	≤1× 10⁻⁶

Note: The standard explicitly states, Liquid oxygen does not specify a moisture content. 。

As the indicators show, the focus of high-purity oxygen and ultrapure oxygen testing is not merely… “Oxygen purity” is not the sole focus; rather, it involves comprehensive control of trace impurities such as H2, Ar, N2, CO2, total hydrocarbons, and moisture. In particular, for ultrapure oxygen, several impurity parameters have already entered 10⁻⁷ To 10⁻⁸   The magnitude of the measurement imposes stricter requirements on the sensitivity of the analytical instruments, the cleanliness of the sampling system, and the laboratory’s quality‑control capabilities.

V. What is the most significant change in GB/T 14599-2025?

From the perspective of corporate implementation, The most significant changes in GB/T 14599—2025 are primarily reflected in the following aspects.

1. Add hydrogen content testing requirements

The new version of the standard explicitly states, in light of technological advancements: A method for determining hydrogen content has been added. Meanwhile, the standard specifies maximum hydrogen content limits for pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultra‑pure oxygen, respectively:

• Pure oxygen: H2 < 1× 10⁻⁶ ；
• High-purity oxygen: H2 < 0.5× 10⁻⁶ ；
• Ultra-pure oxygen: H2 < 0.05× 10⁻⁶ 。

For process routes such as water electrolysis for oxygen production, hydrogen content control is of particular concern.

2. Further emphasizes the calculation of total impurity content and purity.

GB/T 14599—2025 not only specifies the oxygen purity but also defines the method for calculating the total impurity content.

For gaseous pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen, the total impurity content is calculated by summing the following components:

• Hydrogen;
• Argon;
• Nitrogen;
• Carbon dioxide;
• Total hydrocarbons;
• Moisture.

For liquid pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen, the total impurity content is calculated by summing the following components:

• Hydrogen;
• Argon;
• Nitrogen;
• Carbon dioxide;
• Total hydrocarbons.

In other words, the total impurity content of liquid oxygen does not include water, and this is explicitly stated in the standard. “Liquid oxygen does not specify a moisture content.”

3. Sampling requirements are more clearly defined.

New version of the standard No. Chapter 5 stipulates: Sampling shall comply with The provisions of GB/T 43306 。

For the analysis of high-purity and ultrapure oxygen, the sampling stage is critically important. Leaks in the sampling lines, residual gases, contamination, excessive dead volume, or inadequate purging can all compromise the results. Results for trace impurities such as H2, N2, CO2, moisture, and total hydrocarbons.

4. The testing and arbitration methods are now clearer.

The new version of the standard explicitly stipulates:

• H2, Ar, N2, and CO2 were determined in accordance with GB/T 28726.
• Total hydrocarbons according to Determined according to GB/T 8984;
• Moisture according to Determined according to GB/T 5832.3;
• In the event of a dispute, the corresponding standard method shall serve as the arbitration method.

This helps improve the consistency and comparability of test results across different laboratories.

5. Add requirements for exhaust gas treatment

Standard No. Clause 6.5 stipulates: During measurements, the accumulation of pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen in indoor spaces shall be prevented.

Oxygen is not combustible itself, but it is a powerful oxidizer. The accumulation of high‑concentration oxygen in indoor spaces can significantly increase the risk of fire and combustion. Therefore, testing laboratories must prioritize exhaust ventilation and implement measures to control the risk of oxygen enrichment.

VI. Methodological Basis for Each Testing Item

GB/T 14599—2025 provides clear specifications for the test items and their corresponding methods. The summary is as follows:

Test Items	Methodology basis	Explanation in the standard
Sampling	GB/T43306	Sampling shall comply with The provisions of GB/T 43306
Hydrogen H2	GB/T28726	According to Determined by the method specified in GB/T 28726.
Argon Ar	GB/T28726	According to Determined by the method specified in GB/T 28726.
Nitrogen N2	GB/T28726	According to Determined by the method specified in GB/T 28726.
Carbon dioxide CO2	GB/T28726	According to Determined by the method specified in GB/T 28726.
Carbon dioxide CO2 equivalence method	GB/T8984	Can be according to Determination of CO2 by GB/T 8984
Equivalent methods for H2, Ar, N2, CO2, etc.	GB/T37182	Can be according to Determination according to GB/T 37182
Total hydrocarbons, expressed as methane	GB/T8984	According to The provisions of GB/T 8984 shall be implemented.
Moisture H2O	GB/T5832.3	According to In accordance with the provisions of GB/T 5832.3.
Moisture H2O equivalence method	GB/T 5832.2 or other equivalent method	Can be according to Determined by GB/T 5832.2 or other equivalent methods.
Exhaust gas treatment	Clause 6.5 of GB/T 14599—2025	During measurement, care should be taken to prevent the accumulation of oxygen indoors.

Among other things, the standard also specifies the basis for arbitration in the event of a dispute:

• When there are discrepancies in the measurement results for H2, Ar, N2, and CO2, the result shall be taken as… GB/T28726 For the Arbitration Law;
• When there is disagreement with the total hydrocarbon determination results, use GB/T8984 As an arbitration method;
• When there is disagreement regarding the moisture determination results, it shall be determined by… GB/T5832.3 For the arbitration method.

VII. Key Points of the Inspection Rules in GB/T 14599-2025

New version of the standard No. Chapter 7 sets forth the inspection rules; when implementing these rules, enterprises should pay particular attention to the sampling and judgment requirements for different packaging types or gas supply formats.

1. Bottled pure oxygen and high-purity oxygen

Bottled pure oxygen and high-purity oxygen products produced continuously and stably on the same production line constitute one batch, with each batch not exceeding 300 bottles.

Sampling quantity as per the table. 2 Execution:

Number of cylinders per batch	Minimum number of sampling cylinders for pure oxygen	Minimum number of sampling cylinders for high-purity oxygen
1	1	1
2	2	2
3–8	2	3
9–15	3	5
16–25	4	7
26–50	5	9
51–150	6	11
> 150	7	13

When the test results of each sampled bottle all meet the technical requirements, the batch is deemed合格. If any indicator fails to comply with the requirements, a double‑size random re‑sampling inspection shall be conducted in accordance with the relevant standards.

2. Cylinder bundle systems, storage tanks, tank trucks, and welded insulated cylinder‑based products

Cylinders in bundle assemblies, storage tanks, tank cars, and welded insulated cylinders containing pure oxygen or high-purity oxygen shall be inspected individually.

If all test results meet the technical requirements, the product is deemed compliant; if any single parameter fails to meet the technical requirements, the product is deemed non‑compliant.

3. Pipeline transportation of pure oxygen and high-purity oxygen

The sampling frequency for pipeline‑transported pure oxygen and high‑purity oxygen shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser.

When the test results meet the technical requirements, the product is deemed compliant; if any single parameter fails to meet the technical requirements, the products delivered during the sampling interval are deemed non‑compliant.

4. Ultra-pure oxygen

Ultra‑pure oxygen shall be inspected individually.

When all test results meet the technical requirements, the batch is deemed合格; if any single indicator fails to comply with the technical requirements, the batch is deemed不合格.

5. Rounding and Judgment of Numerical Values

The standard stipulates that the rounding of measurement results and the determination of limit values shall be performed in accordance with… Rounding-Value Comparison Method in GB/T 8170 Execute.

VIII. Requirements for Marking, Packaging, Transportation, Storage, and Safety Information

Chapter 8 of GB/T 14599—2025 sets forth requirements for marking, packaging, transportation, storage, and safety information.

1. Contents of the Certificate of Quality

Pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultra‑pure oxygen shall be accompanied upon shipment by a certificate of quality, the contents of which shall include at least:

• Product name, manufacturer’s name;
• Production date or batch number;
• Filling pressure, in units of MPa;
• This document number;
• The purity levels of pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen.

2. Packaging Container Labeling

The packaging container shall be marked with:

• “Pure oxygen”;
• or “High-purity oxygen”;
• or “Ultra-pure oxygen.”

Packaging markings shall comply with GB190; color markings shall comply with GB/T 7144, and labels shall comply with the requirements of GB 15258 and GB/T 16804.

3. Packaging and Container Requirements

Standard stipulates:

• When steel cylinders are used, they shall comply with… GB/T 5099 or GB/T 33145;
• When using aluminum alloy gas cylinders, the following requirements shall be met: GB/T 11640;
• The filling of cylinder bundle assemblies shall comply with… GB/T 34528;
• Filling, transportation, and storage shall comply with As stipulated in GB/T 14194, GB/T 24159, JB/T 6898, TSG R0005, TSG 23, and other relevant standards.

4. Recommendations for Ultra-Pure Oxygen Packaging

The standard stipulates that cylinders with internal surface treatment should be used for packaging ultrapure oxygen, and the treated cylinders shall comply with the requirements of this document.

5. Storage Requirements

Pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultra‑pure oxygen products shall be stored:

• Shady;
• Dry;
• In a well-ventilated warehouse.

At the same time, leakage and contamination of the bottle mouth should be prevented.

IX. How Enterprises Should Respond GB/T 14599-2025?

In the face of the new national standard for high-purity oxygen GB/T 14599—2025: Relevant enterprises are advised to prioritize the following tasks:

1. Verify whether the existing testing capacity is sufficient to cover… H2, Ar, N2, CO2, total hydrocarbons, moisture, and other parameters;
2. Confirm whether the testing method is compliant. Requirements of standards such as GB/T 28726, GB/T 8984, and GB/T 5832.3;
3. The detection pipelines for high-purity and ultrapure oxygen are designed to be cleanable, feature low dead volume, and prevent contamination.
4. Establish in compliance with Gas sampling procedure according to GB/T 43306;
5. Improve oxygen detection, exhaust gas emission controls, and laboratory ventilation measures to prevent oxygen accumulation.
6. Update the inspection report, certificate of quality, and product release criteria.
7. Establish a stable and reliable testing procedure to meet the individual inspection requirements for ultra‑pure oxygen.
8. Follow liquid oxygen The special requirement of “no specified moisture content” helps prevent the misuse of gaseous oxygen in evaluation logic.

Liaoning Kerui Chromatography Technology Co., Ltd. can focus on the new national standard for high-purity oxygen. GB/T 14599-2025, in conjunction with gas chromatography, helium ionization detection, flame ionization detection, trace moisture analysis, and a high-purity gas sampling system, provides consulting on high-purity oxygen testing protocols and instrument configuration recommendations for manufacturers of high-purity oxygen, testing laboratories, and end‑use facilities.

Conclusion

The promulgation and implementation of GB/T 14599—2025 mark the entry of China’s quality control for pure oxygen, high-purity oxygen, and ultrapure oxygen into a new phase characterized by greater standardization, meticulousness, and systematic rigor. The revised standard not only specifies purity and impurity limits but also further strengthens requirements related to sampling, test methods, inspection procedures, packaging and transportation, and safety information.

For high-purity oxygen producers, electronic-grade gas users, testing organizations, and research laboratories, gaining an early understanding… GB/T 14599-2025: Establishing a high-purity oxygen testing system that complies with the new national standard is a crucial foundation for ensuring product quality, enhancing customer confidence, and meeting market requirements.